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2.3 BAUDHAYANA'S THEOREM ON RIGHT TRIANGLES
We have seen that the square of a number can be represented as the area of a square whose side is that number. Let us now consider a right-angled triangle and draw squares on each of its three sides. If the two shorter sides of the triangle are 3 units and 4 units long, the areas of the squares drawn on them are 9 square units and 16 square units. The square drawn on the longest side, the hypotenuse, turns out to have an area of 25 square units, which is exactly the sum of the other two.
This relation was stated in the Baudhayana Sulba-Sutra, composed in India many centuries ago, in the following words: the areas produced separately by the length and the breadth of a rectangle together equal the area produced by the diagonal. The same result is widely known today as the Pythagoras theorem. If a and b are the lengths of the two legs and c the length of the hypotenuse, then
The theorem allows us to find the length of any one side of a right triangle when the other two are known. For example, if the legs are 5 cm and 12 cm, then c² = 25 + 144 = 169, so c = 13 cm.
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All 14 chapters. Full syllabus.
Every chapter of the syllabus, in the order you study it.
- 01A Square and a Cube
- 02Power Play
- 03A Story of Numbers
- 04Quadrilaterals
- 05Number Play
- 06We Distribute, Yet Things Multiply
- 07Proportional Reasoning - 1
- 08Fractions in Disguise
- 09The Baudhayana-Pythagoras Theorem
- 10Proportional Reasoning - 2
- 11Exploring Some Geometric Themes
- 12Tales by Dots and Lines
- 13Algebra Play
- 14Area
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One chapter a day. Full syllabus in 14 days.
Repeat the cycle 3–4 times before your exam.
What's inside
- Format
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- Pages
- 60
- Printing
- Full colour throughout
- Syllabus
- 2026-27 edition, NCERT-based
Made for the last month before the exam
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